In 79AD Mount Vesuvius located in Pompeii Italy erupted. Mount Vesuvius brutallyretchedforward a cloud of super-heated tephra and gasses to a stature of 33 km (21 mi), catapultingliquidshake, pulverized pumice, and hot cinder at 1.5 million tons per moment, eventuallydischarging 100,000 times the warmvitality of the nuclear bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The occasion gives its title to the Vesuvian sort of volcanic ejection, characterized by columns of hot gasses and fiery debriscoming to the stratosphere, in spite of the fact that the occasiontoo included pyroclastic streamsrelated to Pelean emissions. This eruption completely wiped out the population of Pompeii and destroyed neighboring roman towns and settlements in the range of the volcano. Explosions created hot avalanches of rock, ash, and gases that sped down the volcano`s flank. Over two days, Pompeii and nearby Herculaneum
Most of my happy broadcast work has been lost due to lots of google docs and edubogs this is the work that I have saved
Farming Simulator is a popular and realistic farming simulation game. In this game, players can create their very own farms, including selecting crops, animals, and farm machinery, as well as managing their finances. There are many different aspects of farming to learn about, including crop rotation, soil quality, and animal care. Players can also use different strategies to increase their yields and profits. It can be a rewarding and educational experience to learn and play Farm Simulator 23.
Once upon a time, in a village nestled in a valley, there lived a blacksmith named Jack who forged beautiful horseshoes. Jack’s special talent was to create the shiniest and most durable horseshoes in the land. However, he faced a problem. One day, a group of thieves stole all his horseshoes, leaving him with nothing. Feeling hopeless, Jack realized that, without his horseshoes, he couldn’t make a living. He decided to take matters into his own hands and chase after the thieves to confront them and retrieve his horseshoes. After an arduous journey, Jack finally managed to catch the thieves and reclaimed his horseshoes. With his special talent back, Jack quickly regained his livelihood, proving once and for all that even in the darkest of times, determination and perseverance can always lead to a happy ending.
*Use the links to find out what classes of drugs there are and what types of drugs there are
Class
State two examples of this class of drug
Possession law-what are the consequences of possessing/having each class of drug?
Class A
Heroin, Cocaine,
The maximum penalty for possession of a Class A drug – like heroin, LSD, cocaine or P (methamphetamine) – is six months’ jail or a $1,000 fine, or both.
Class B
Methadone, Morphine,
The maximum penalty for possession or use of a Class B drug – like speed (amphetamine), hash (cannabis resin), hash oil (cannabis oil), Ecstasy (MDMA), or pseudoephedrine (used to make P) – is three months’ jail or a maximum fine of $500, or both.
Class C
Cannabis, Party pills
If found convicted of possession the penalties can include: Class A – Can result in a maximum of 6 months Imprisonment and/or $1,000 fine. Class B – Can result in a maximum of 3 months imprisonment and/or $500 fine. Class C – Can result in a maximum of 3 months imprisonment and/or $500 fine
Type
State 3 examples of these drugs categories …
Depressant/sleepy
Examples of these drugs:
Eg Alcohol
Stimulant/speedy
Examples of these drugs are:
Hallucinogenic/ trippy
Examples of these drugs are:
What does P.I.S stand for?
Personal
Interpersonal
Societal
One person or yourself
This involves a small number of people such as BF/GF, parents, family, friends, peers.
This involves large groups of people, places, groups, nations, countries and the world. It also involves social media, the media, sports teams, clubs, church, cultural groups and the law.
Example of using PIS:
How are you (P) influencing yourself to do well/not do well in school?
How are your friends (I) influencing you to do well/not do well in school?
How is HHS (S) influencing you to do well?
List of 5-7 Reasons why would a person would use drugs
They might be hanging out with people and they use drugs so their influenced
They might be bored and decide to try
People might rebel against their parents and use drugs
Maybe their is a party and they decide to use drugs
Peer pressure
List of 5-7 Reasons why would a person would not use drugs
The person might be sick
The person might be pregnant
They might not partake due to Religon,Culture
The person may be afraid of the consequences
They may be allergic to certain drugs
Task 1: Questions to answer with a partner/write down in your Drugs Doc/your copy of the slideshow:
What are attitudes and values?
a positive, responsible attitude on the part of students to their own well-being; respect, care, and concern for other people and the environment; and a sense of social justice.
What is your attitude towards drugs?
I do not support or condone drug use in any situation
What are your parents attitudes towards drugs?
Same as mine
What are HHS attitudes towards drugs?
Very strict and basically the same as my view
Task 1: Questions to answer in a Doc
What do you think about drugs?
I think drugs may be cool but its not worth it to get hooked
What do your parents/whānau think about drugs?
They are very against Drugs
What are our school rules about drugs?
Our school prohibits drugs
Read:
What I think about this
Some people think drugs are good
I think drugs might be a bit cool but their not worth it for a lifetime addiction
NZ doesn’t let us smoke weed
I agree with this but I dont think they should get a harsh sentence for using/having cannabis
some work has been done in other docs but docs have been lost
What is culture?
1. Culture is a multifaceted and dynamic system of shared beliefs, values, customs, behaviors, and artifacts that shape the way a group of people perceive and interact with the world. It encompasses the unique expressions, traditions, and social practices that distinguish one community from another, fostering a sense of identity and cohesion among its members.
Being rich involves having substantial amounts of money and valuable possessions, which can be flaunted or concealed as desired. Wealth, however, is not about appearances but rather one’s net worth. The key distinction between a rich individual and a wealthy one lies in the sustainability of their financial stability. While the rich may only possess money temporarily, the wealthy have accumulated enough to eliminate financial worries.
Fair trade promotes a more equitable and ethical global trading system by ensuring better trading conditions for international producers, often marginalized and living in developing countries. Certified organizations like Fair Trade International undergo strict audits, and when products meet the criteria, they can display the “Fair Trade Certified” label, guaranteeing their fair and ethical production. The fair trade movement emerged to tackle inequalities linked to conventional global trade practices and aims to establish a just trading system.
In New Zealand, fair trade coffee, tea, and chocolate are easily accessible, ensuring that farmers are fairly compensated for their efforts. This is especially crucial in the chocolate industry where concerns about child labor and exploitation exist. Fair trade practices, like those supporting banana plantation workers, prioritize fair treatment and respect for rights while promoting the well-being of laborers.
Consumers are drawn to fair trade products due to ethical, societal, and environmental factors. These products resonate with individuals who wish to align their purchasing habits with their values and contribute to a positive global impact. Factors such as ethical sourcing, poverty reduction, empowerment, and environmental sustainability play significant roles in consumers’ choices.Fair trade products prioritize human rights and labor practices, support marginalized communities in developing countries, and empower small-scale farmers and producers by providing better economic opportunities. Moreover, they adhere to environmental standards that appeal to eco-conscious consumers, ensuring minimal harm is done to the planet during production.
When you buy fair trade products, several positive impacts can arise. Firstly, fair trade ensures producers and workers are paid fairly and work in safe and respectable conditions. Secondly, by purchasing fair trade products, you help marginalized producers, such as small-scale farmers and artisans, by providing them with economic opportunities to support their families and invest in their communities. Thirdly, fair trade certification strictly prohibits the use of child labor and exploitative practices, so by choosing fair trade, you support initiatives aimed at eradicating these unethical practices.
Legal vs Illegal blood diamonds
Regulated diamond trading refers to the legal and transparent buying, selling, and trading of diamonds that follows international labor standards and ethical practices. Meanwhile, illegal blood diamond trading occurs outside of regulated diamond trading channels, often involving labor exploitation and human rights abuses. This practice often involves the use of forced labor and violence, as well as the financing of militant forces, making it a major source of conflict and instability in many parts of the world. The difference between regulated and illegal diamond trading is significant, as it highlights the importance of ethical standards and responsible business practices in the diamond industry.
06/09/2023#
Where are most of these countries located?
Africa
What do they have in common?
They are all countries with rebel groups, They are all in west or central Africa, All countries with severe poverty
Who works collecting diamonds
The people of the countries, The more poor population
Who makes all the money?
The Rebels who make the poor mine
Compare and contrast on where all diamonds come from
Today’s main diamond producing countries include Angola, Australia, Botswana, Canada, Namibia, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Russia and South Africa. Other diamonds may come from Brazil, China, The difference between these countries and the others are that the first world countries have ethically sourced diamonds. And most of the African countries diamonds come from slavery and not ethically mined
What are these three groups of people making from blood diamonds
1 The diamond mine workers:
They are making less than $1USD a day
2 The rebellion groups
They are making almost all the profits from the diamonds to buy weapons
3 The diamond merchant
The diamond merchant is making alot of money by selling the diamonds full price
19/09/23
1 A student from India paid just $6 an hour to staff an Auckland liquor shop
2 An estimated 50 million people are now living in modern slavery – up 10 million since 2016
3 Modern slavery is defined as severe exploitation that a person cannot leave due to threats, violence or deception.
4 The numbers comprise 28 million people in forced labour; and 22 million trapped in forced marriages.
5 Asia and the Pacific is host to a good chunk of those in modern slavery (15.1 million).
6 Women and children remained disproportionately vulnerable; as did migrant workers,
7 When migrant workers are not protected by law or are unable to exercise their rights, migration is irregular or poorly governed, or where recruitment practices are unfair or unethical
8 Specific New Zealand data on slavery is expected to be released later this year. But global pressure – plus a rash of recent high-profile cases,
9 Larger organizations – those with revenue over $50m – would also be required to undertake due diligence throughout their supply chains.
10 which allows for 16,000 workers to come from the islands to New Zealand each year to work for the $10 billion horticulture industry.
Modern slavery takes many forms and is known by many names. Essentially, it refers to situations of exploitation that a person cannot refuse or leave because of threats, violence, coercion, or deception.
Modern slavery includes forced labor, forced or servile marriage, debt bondage, forced commercial sexual exploitation, human trafficking, slavery-like practices, and the sale and exploitation of children North Korea and India are the worst when it comes to Modern Slavery.
5. Forced marriage is pervasive in countries where patriarchal views lead to gender inequality and discrimination, reinforced, for example, by laws that prevent women from inheriting land or the absence of laws stipulating 18 years old as minimum age of marriage.
6. An estimated 5.4 million children worldwide live in orphanages and other institutions. In many countries, only a small proportion of children’s institutions are registered with the government, which leaves many children invisible to necessary oversight and protections.
7. Nearly every government in the world has committed to eradicating modern slavery through their national legislation and policies, yet progress has largely stagnated since 2018.
8. While it is everyone’s responsibility to address modern slavery, governments have a central role to play by enacting legislation, providing safety nets for their population, and pursuing criminals who participate in these hideous crimes. The global challenges of COVID-19, conflict, and climate change have diverted resources and attention away from modern slavery, leading to a reduction in focus on tackling it. In the top 10 global responses to modern slavery in 2023, there has been little progress. However, there is promising action elsewhere.
9. Forced labor in fisheries is driven by the motivation to reduce costs amid diminishing profits, as the industry tries to meet global demand for seafood. Technology offers solutions to tackling it.
Today, in our Social Studies class, we learned about Modern Slavery. This included information about the Global Slavery Index and how it ranks countries based on the prevalence of slavery in that country. We also explored the different types of slavery, including forced marriage, that can still occur in the world today.
Word
Meaning
Use in a sentence
Concept (this first one is done for you)
It is a thought, an idea. Something that is conceived in the mind.
The concept of an equitably world is easy to imagine but difficult to create.
Wealth
An abundance of valuable possessions or money.
The man had lots of wealth.
Disparity
A difference in level or treatment, especially one that is seen as unfair.
Economic disparities between different regions of the country.
Manipulate
Control or influence someone.
He manipulated the girl.
Poor
The state of having no money or valuable possessions.
The girl was very poor.
Critical thinking
The objective analysis and evaluation of an issue in order to form a judgement.
Professors often find it difficult to encourage critical thinking among their students.
Skills
The ability to do something well.
She had many skills.
Empathy
The ability to understand and share the feelings of someone.
He had a lack of empathy.
Equality
The state of being an equal, especially in status, rights, or opportunities.
An organisation aims to promote racial equality.
Equity
The quality of being fair and impartial.
Equity of tre
Link to work https://docs.google.com/document/d/1fwj8W9acEkhlZri6P6VhAiJoe4pWpOGSWCrAb8Nqzko/edit?usp=sharing
In my strong opinion, I am opposed to the mining of resources in Antarctica due to the devastating consequences it could have on our planet and its inhabitants. The extraction and burning of coal and other fossil fuels are significant contributors to global warming and climate change, which have already proven detrimental to the environment. Furthermore, the destruction of the Antarctic’s delicate ecosystem would have far-reaching and long-lasting impacts, not only on wildlife but also on human populations living in coastal areas that are heavily affected by rising sea levels.
Moreover, Antarctica is an important scientific hub, providing invaluable insights into the workings of our planet. Therefore, it is crucial to prioritize scientific research in this region instead of exploiting its natural resources for short-term gains. If we fail to protect this precious ecosystem, we risk not only our own survival but also that of many other species that rely on it for their existence. Consequently, it is imperative that we reconsider the necessity of mining activities in Antarctica and, instead, focus on sustainability and the preservation of our planet for future generations.
Extension work
Antarctica is home to some of the world’s most advanced research and is critical to understanding the impact of climate change. Commercial activities, such as tourism, fishing, and mining, are highly regulated to protect the environment. The future of Antarctic research and conservation is critical to our understanding of the planet and the potential for human settlements in extreme conditions.
Blog
For or Against Mining
Possible Blog Writer
Reasons for Point of View
1
Against
Scientist
Mining activities in Antarctica should only be used for research purposes due to its unique and fragile ecosystem. Damage from mining can accelerate due to population growth and industrialization. It is important to strictly restrict mining activities, carefully monitor the effects on the ecosystem, and mitigate any potential damage.
2
Against
Environmentalist
Mining activities in Antarctica, particularly the extraction of coal and gold, can have devastating effects on the surrounding environment, including rising water levels due to potential damage to the delicate polar ice caps. It is critical to strictly regulate and monitor mining activities in Antarctica, prioritizing sustainability and preservation of its unique ecosystem.
3
For
Politician
While there are many potential reasons to mine in Antarctica, including the availability of rich resources such as coal and minerals, the potential negative impacts on the delicate Antarctic environment should not be overlooked. The melting of the polar ice caps, which can directly affect water levels, is just one potential risk associated with mining activities. Therefore, it is essential that any mining activities in Antarctica are carefully regulated and monitored to ensure that the potential benefits are balanced against the potential harms to the environment and the ecosystem.
4
For
Oil Company
Despite the potential environmental and ecological harm that can result from mining and drilling activities, there may be advantages to exploring and developing these resources. However, it is essential that these activities are conducted in a way that mitigates their negative effects and results in the minimum amount of damage to the surrounding environment. Efforts to ensure this can include proper planning, environmental impact assessments, and the development and implementation of sustainability practices. Further, there are technologies available that can reduce the environmental impact of mining and drilling activities, which can help to ensure that the potential benefits can be realized without the devastating consequences.
We’ve been learning about the issue of wealth disparity and have been given the option to choose one of the 17 UN Goals to research and work on. We will continue to explore this topic in the coming weeks and find ways to make a positive impact on this issue.
15/11/23
Gross National Product names two continents that have countries whose GNP is under $1 per day.
Africa and Asia both have a GNP under $1 a month
Which continent has by far the lowest GNP?
Africa by far has the lowest GNP in the world
Mortality Rates 1960
Mortality in Under Fives compare the maps showing mortality rates in 1960 and 2000. How has the death rate of children under 5 changed from 1960 to 2000?
The mortality rate of Afghanistan and most African countries have lowered from 1960-200 which is a very good thing
Which continents have the highest mortality rates for under 5 year olds?
Africa and Asia both have very high mortality rates the highest out of all continents
Malnourishment – % Children Underweight malnourishment what continent has the highest number of children underweight?
Africa has the highest rate of underweight children
Life Expectancy at Birth life expectancyWhat areas of the world have the highest life expectancy rate?
North American and Australia have the highest life expectancy in the world
What age is this?
75-80
Number of Physicians physicians what continent has the lowest number of doctors?
Africa has the lowest amount of doctors around the world
Compare this map to the Life Expectancy map- what relationship is there between the two maps?
Africa is not doing well on both of the maps 🙁 due to low amount of doctors in Africa the life expectancy is low or vice versa
HIV Prevalence in Adults & Adult literacy rate
Extra for Experts: HIV compared to Literacy
Compare these two… What countries have the most HIV and the lowest number of adult literacy?
Africa has both the lowest adult literacy rate and the highest HIV rate
What do you think the link between the two is?
Low literacy rates means the adult population is not educated in protection which means they have higher chances to get HIV
By now you should have a number of different signs/indicators of development.
Choose at least TWO of these and explain in a paragraph how they show the difference between “developed” and “developing countries”
To get you started…
“There are many ways we can tell whether a country is developed or not.”
Sure, here is a shorter summary:
Key indicators of a developed country tend to be higher GDP per capital, lower poverty levels, higher levels of education and healthcare access, and overall higher standards of living. In contrast, developing countries may struggle with lower levels of these key indicators and may face challenges such as high poverty rates, lack of access to education and healthcare, and lower standards of living.
Organisations in New Zealand that help people who need support: a. Salvation Army New Zealand: The Salvation Army is a well-known charitable organization that provides a wide range of social services, including food banks, emergency accommodation, addiction services, and counseling.
b. Barnardos New Zealand: Barnardos focuses on supporting children and families, offering services such as foster care, early childhood education, and parenting programs.
c. Women’s Refuge New Zealand: This organization supports women and children experiencing domestic violence, offering safe houses, counseling, and advocacy services.
How these organisations know what help people need: These organizations often conduct needs assessments, collaborate with communities, and stay informed about social issues through research. They may also work closely with government agencies and other community groups to understand and address emerging needs.
Kinds of things these organisations give to people who need help: This can include food aid, shelter, counseling services, education and employment support, medical assistance, and more, depending on the organization’s focus.
Problems these organisations face when trying to help people: a. Limited Resources: Many charities face challenges due to limited funding and resources. b. Increasing Demand: High demand for services can strain these organizations. c. Complex Issues: Addressing social issues is often complex and multifaceted.
Do these organisations work with the government and other groups: Yes, many charities collaborate with government agencies, local authorities, and other non-profit organizations to maximize their impact and address community needs more comprehensively.
How these organisations get money to do their work: They often rely on a mix of government funding, private donations, grants, and fundraising activities.
How you can help as a Year 10 student: a. Volunteer: Offer your time to local charities. b. Fundraise: Organize events to raise money for a cause you care about. c. Spread Awareness: Educate your peers about social issues and how they can help.
Skills or things you can share to help: Consider your strengths; if you’re good at organizing, fundraising, or have specific skills (e.g., graphic design), offer your assistance.
Things your school can do to help people in the community: a. Community Service Programs: Establish initiatives where students contribute to the community. b. Partnerships: Collaborate with local charities for school projects or events.
How to inform others about these organisations: a. Presentations: Organize talks or presentations in school. b. Social Media: Use platforms to share information about these organizations. c. Collaborate: Work with school clubs or organizations to spread the word.
Social media can both negatively and positively affect teenagers. On one hand, it can lead to cyberbullying, addiction, and mental health issues, while on the other hand, it can provide a platform for self-expression, social networking, and access to information. It is important for teenagers to use social media in moderation and with proper guidance and supervision.
DNA, is a important biological molecules in our bodies and is responsible for transmitting genetic information from one generation to the next.
What does DNA Do?
DNA is a molecule that contains the genetic instructions that dictate the characteristics of a living organism. The main function of DNA is to transmit genetic information from one generation to the next.
What shape is DNA?
DNA, is a long, twisted, double-helical molecule that has a unique shape and structure. The two strands in the double helix are made up of four different types of nucleotide
Base Rule
what are the 4 bases called?
Adenine (A) is a purine base that pairs with thymine (T) in the DNA molecule, while cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G). The order and arrangement of these bases in DNA determine the genetic information that is passed on from one generation to the next, making DNA the blueprint for life.
A-T G-C
07/08/23
Gene-A Section of DNA which codes for a particular trait for example eye color
Allele- Different versions of the same gene for example blue vs brown eyes
Phenotype- The Physical Appearance
Genotype- The two alleles (one from the mother and one from the father)
Icelandic: The Icelandic type is characterized by effusions of molten basaltic lava that flow from long, parallel fissures. Such outpourings often build lava plateaus. Volcanic Iceland, roughly speaking, erupts every five years. Since 2021, however, the frequency has been closer to every 12 months! The area broadly known as Fagradalsfjall, some 35km from the capital Reykjavík, flared to life after a series of earthquakes on the Reykjanes Peninsula. The three eruptions – some consider one single eruption with months-long pauses – marks the beginning of a new geological era on the southwestern peninsula, dormant for the past 800 years.
Hawaiian: The recent Hawaiian volcanic eruption on the Big Island of Hawaii is an ongoing natural phenomenon that has produced spectacular displays of lava and ash plumes over the last few months. Geologists have monitored the volcanic activity and are currently predicting the eruption to continue for some time. The eruption has led to warnings for residents and tourists in the affected areas to stay informed about the latest updates, as well as any potential hazards that may arise. However, the Hawaiian government has not yet issued any evacuation orders, and residents and tourists have been advised to follow the instructions of local authorities.
Strombolian: The Strombolian eruption is a type of volcanic eruption characterized by frequent explosions and the fall of rocks and ashes. It can cause danger due to falling rocks, tephra and hot volcanic gasses. Individuals living or traveling near affected volcanoes should follow the guidance of local authorities and stay informed about the latest updates. It is important to take the necessary precautions to protect oneself from the risks associated with this type of eruption.
Vulcanian: The Vulcanian eruption is a type of volcanic eruption characterized by a low-energy effusive process and very little or no attendant explosive activity. It is named after Vulcan, the Roman god of fire and forge, and is often associated with the eruption of basaltic lava. The eruption can be dangerous due to the potential release of volcanic gases, flows of lava and the accumulation of volcanic ash. The eruption is known for its quiet calm nature, often with a smooth surface that looks like a river of rock, with no visible ash, smoke, or lava bombs, but only the sound of slow effusion and the occasional low explosion. The eruption has the potential to cause danger to surrounding areas, with the potential for lava flows and the accumulation of volcanic ash. It is important to remain informed about the ongoing situation, and take the necessary precautions to avoid the risks associated with the eruption.
Pelean: A Pelean eruption, also known as a Peléan eruption, is a type of volcanic eruption characterized by the explosive release of gas, ash, and volcanic debris. These eruptions are named after the volcanic activity observed during the 1902 eruption of Mount Pelée in Martinique, a Caribbean island. Pelean eruptions typically involve highly viscous magma, which contains a high concentration of dissolved gasses, primarily water vapor and carbon dioxide. When the pressure from the accumulating gasses exceeds the strength of the surrounding rock it can lead to a sudden and violent explosion.
Plinian: In geology, a Plinian eruption is one of the most violent forms of volcanic eruption. Named after the ancient Roman poet Pliny the Younger, who witnessed the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD, Plinian eruptions are characterised by their huge columns of ash, their intense explosive power and their ability to cause massive destruction. These eruptions can result in devastating lava flows, clouds of ash and huge amounts of gasses.
What is a tsunami?
A tsunami is a series of ocean waves with extremely long wavelengths and high energy. These waves are typically caused by underwater disturbances, such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or underwater landslides. Tsunamis can travel across entire ocean basins and, when they reach shallow coastal waters, they can rise into towering waves that pose a significant threat to coastal areas.
What causes a tsunami?
1. Earthquakes: The most common cause of tsunamis is undersea earthquakes. When tectonic plates beneath the ocean floor shift or collide, they can generate powerful seismic waves that displace large volumes of water.
2. Volcanic Activity: Volcanic eruptions, especially those occurring beneath the ocean, can also displace water and lead to the formation of tsunamis.
3. Underwater Landslides: Landslides underwater, whether caused by natural events or human activities, can rapidly displace water and generate tsunamis.
4. Meteorite Impacts: While rare, the impact of a large meteorite or asteroid in the ocean can generate a tsunami.
What happens when a tsunami gets close to shore?
As a tsunami approaches shallower coastal waters, its long wavelength causes it to compress and the wave height to increase significantly. The wave can appear as a rapid and powerful surge of water, often reaching much farther inland than normal ocean waves. The first wave may not be the largest, as tsunamis often come in a series with several waves arriving over an extended period.
What are the warning signs of a tsunami?
1. Earthquake: A strong undersea earthquake can be a precursor to a tsunami. Monitoring seismic activity is crucial for early warning systems.
2. Abnormal Sea Behaviour: Sudden and significant changes in sea level, such as the rapid retreat of water from the shoreline, may indicate an impending tsunami.
3. Unusual Animal Behaviour: Animals, especially marine life, may exhibit unusual behaviour, such as mass migrations or beaching, before a tsunami.
4. **Official Alerts: Local authorities issue tsunami warnings through various means, including sirens, radio, television, and other communication channels.
What are the risks from a tsunami?
1. Flooding: The primary risk is flooding of coastal areas, which can lead to widespread destruction of infrastructure and homes.
2. Inland Penetration: Tsunamis can travel far inland, causing damage and loss of life well beyond the immediate coastline.
3 Drowning and Injuries: The powerful force of the waves can lead to drowning, injuries, and fatalities.
4. Infrastructure Damage: Buildings, bridges, and other structures in the affected coastal areas can be severely damaged or destroyed.
5. Environmental Impact: Tsunamis can have long-term environmental consequences, affecting ecosystems and coastal habitats.
Early warning systems and preparedness measures are crucial in mitigating the risks associated with tsunamis. Communities in vulnerable areas often have evacuation plans and infrastructure designed to minimise the impact of these natural disasters.
Christchurch faces the potential threat of tsunamis primarily due to its geographical location on the eastern coast of the South Island of New Zealand, making it susceptible to undersea earthquakes in the Pacific region. The city’s vulnerability is heightened by its coastal areas and the lack of robust infrastructure, including seawalls and evacuation facilities. Warning signs for tsunamis in Christchurch include strong earthquakes, unusual sea behavior such as rapid water recession or a loud ocean roar, and official alerts from Civil Defence authorities through various communication channels. In the event of a tsunami warning, residents should promptly follow evacuation orders, move to higher ground, and stay informed through official channels. Preparedness, including having emergency kits and awareness of evacuation routes, is crucial to mitigating the risks associated with potential tsunamis in Christchurch.
Tsunami Risk in Christchurch: Information Sheet
Understanding Tsunami Risk in Christchurch
1. Identification of the Biggest Threat
Christchurch, located on the eastern coast of New Zealand’s South Island, faces potential tsunami risks primarily from the nearby subduction zone known as the Hikurangi Trench. This trench is situated to the east of the North Island and is known for its tectonic activity, making it a significant source of seismic events that can trigger tsunami.
2. Tsunami Preparation and Response Measures**
a. Early Warning Systems:
– The Ministry of Civil Defence and Emergency Management (MCDEM) in New Zealand operates the National Warning System (NWS) to provide timely tsunami alerts.
– Stay informed through official channels, such as radio, TV, and emergency services notifications.
b. Evacuation Planning:
– Familiarize yourself with evacuation routes and assembly points.
– Have a family emergency plan in place, including communication strategies.
c. Education and Training:
– Participate in community drills and training exercises to ensure you know how to respond during a tsunami warning.
– Understand the difference between local and distant-source tsunamis and the appropriate responses for each.
3. Potential Affected Areas
a. Coastal Communities:
– Residents in low-lying coastal areas are at higher risk.
– Be aware of your proximity to the shoreline and elevation above sea level.
b. Infrastructure and Critical Facilities:
– Identify critical infrastructure that may be impacted, such as schools, hospitals, and emergency services.
Place Description Hobbit holes are often described as cosy and comfortable, featuring rooms with low ceilings and circular doors. Many hobbit holes have a kitchen, a fireplace, and a small patio or yard.Hobbits
Appearance – hobbits are small humanoid creatures who are usually around 3 to 4 feet tall and have large feet and hands. They typically have round faces with large, protruding noses and are known for their love of food and drink,
quote from The Hobbit – It Is the Small Things, Everyday Deeds of Ordinary Folk, That Keeps the Darkness at Bay.”
Gandalf is a fictional character from J.R.R. Tolkien’s classic novel “The Lord of the Rings.” Gandalf is a powerful wizard who serves as an important ally and mentor to the hero of the story, Frodo Baggins. Gandalf’s reputation is that of a wise and powerful wizard, known for his bravery, wisdom, and his ability to inspire those around him. He is also known for his devotion to the cause of good and his commitment to protecting Middle-earth from the forces of evil. Gandalf has become a beloved character in literature and popular culture, and his legacy continues to be celebrated by fans of Tolkien’s works and fantasy fiction in general.
Chapter 4 The Hobbit
Chapter 4 is about the adventures of Bilbo and the dwarves as they escape the elves of Mirkwood and set out for the Lonely Mountain, where Sauron’s servant Smaug the dragon dwells and guards a vast treasure. Bilbo becomes separated from his companions and is captured by spiders, who take him to their spinning and feeding chambers underground. However, Bilbo uses his wits and his own special ring of invisibility to escape and lead the dwarves to victory by unlocking the secret door to the Mountain.
Source: The Hobbit, Wikipedia
14/08/2023 Sentence explain – Bilbo Gollum how is their speech different
Bilbo speaks with a gentle and refined voice, while Gollum uses a rough and raspy voice to hiss and growl his words.
Character development through dialogue
Voiceless it cries,
Wingless flutters,
Toothless bites,
Mouthless mutters.”
Half a moment!” cried Bilbo, who was still thinking uncomfortably about eating. Fortunately, he had once heard something rather like this before, and getting his wits back he thought of the answer. “Wind, wind of course,” he said, and he was so pleased that he made up one on the spot.
07/09/2023
* The Hobbit starts with an unexpected party where Bilbo meets Gandalf and is chosen to join a group of dwarves on a quest to reclaim their stolen treasure from Smaug, the dragon.
* The group spends much of the book preparing for the journey to the Lonely Mountain, including equipping themselves with weapons and armor and obtaining a map to guide them.
* On the way to the Lonely Mountain, they encounter many obstacles, including a troll, several other dangerous beings, and the elves of Mirkwood.
* When they finally reach the Lonely Mountain, they find it guarded by a host of orcs and wargs. Gandalf uses his powers to distract and defeat them, allowing the dwarves to sneak inside the mountain and steal the treasure.
* However, Smaug becomes aware of their presence and chases them from the mountain, destroying the town of Lake-town in the process.
* The group escapes to the safety of the woods, where they encounter Beorn, a skin-changer who aids them in their journey.
* As they approach the Edge of the Wild, they are attacked by spiders that have been sent by the necromancer of Dol Guldur. Gandalf defeats the necromancer and destroys the spiders.
* Finally, the group reaches Rivendell, where they meet with Elrond and plan the final stages of their journey.
* They encounter many more obstacles, including goblins, orcs, and wargs, but finally make it through the gates of Erebor, where Bilbo uses his cunning to distract Smaug and allow Bilbo’s friends to kill the dragon.
* Bilbo and the dwarves return home to a hero’s welcome, and Bilbo writes his memoirs, The Hobbit, which becomes a popular tale in Middle-earth.
Hero vs Big challenge
What has Bilbo learned as he faces the challenge of smaug? (problem solving speaking up)
Heroism: Throughout the novel, the protagonist Bilbo Baggins must face numerous challenges and dangers, but he proves himself to be a hero by staying brave and persistent in the face of adversity. Additionally, Bilbo’s quest to slay a dragon and reclaim what was stolen shows how even the smallest of beings can be capable of great feats.
Ideas: The story centers on a small hobbit named Bilbo Baggins who is recruited to help a group of dwarves reclaim their stolen treasure from a dragon. Through his adventures, Bilbo discovers inner bravery and determination, and ends up saving the dwarves and his own community from destruction. The characters’ courage, loyalty, and strength of heart are all
Principles: The Hobbit centers on the principles of bravery, loyalty, and friendship. The story shows that even the most unlikely creature, such as a small hobbit, can be a hero and accomplish the impossible with the help of their friends. The characters learn to work together and trust each other, developing a deep bond that lasts a lifetime.
Beliefs: the importance of believing in oneself and the power of determination in achieving one’s goals. The main character, Bilbo Baggins, initially lacks confidence in his abilities, but he grows into a brave and resourceful hero as he faces challenges on his journey. Through his adventures, he learns that with enough courage and determination, anyone can achieve great things,
Snow white, beauty and the beast, Princess and frog, Icarus, Snowmen, Tangaroa, Little mermaid, Zeuss, 3 Lil pigs, Pinocchio, Lil red, Taniwha, Matariki
Lighting ( to project different light colours on people)
Makeup ( to make characters look different)
Costumes are an integral part of musical theatre because they help to establish the setting, convey the character’s personality and status, and enhance the overall mood and atmosphere of the show. By using clothes in a strategic way, costume designers can tell an entire story without a single word being spoken. They can convey the time period in which the story takes place, the social hierarchy of a particular society, and even the character’s state of mind through the use of color, texture, and silhouette. Additionally, costumes serve as a visual cue to the audience, helping them understand the mood and emotion of a particular scene. When we see characters in elegant gowns or military dress, we automatically understand the importance of the scene, which intensifies our emotional connection to the story. Finally, costumes are simply fun to look at! Seeing the characters we love in bright, beautiful costumes is often a highlight of the musical theatre experience, and it helps us to immerse ourselves in the world of the story.
different types of costume in little shops of horror
In winter sport I have learnt how to play basketball and it helped me to work with my team and I have really enjoyed it and hope to do it again in winter sport
One thing I would like to do in PE would be football
Key words (get rich or die trying)
countries diamonds come from slavery and not ethically mined
